Neurological problems no higher after vaccination; depression, anxiety risk tied to Covid-19 severity

The following is a summary of some recent studies on Covid-19. They include research that warrants further study to corroborate the findings and that has yet to be certified by peer review.

Neurological risks not higher after Covid-19 vaccines

Covid-19 vaccination did not increase risks for rare neurological conditions among more than eight million people who had received at least one dose of a vaccine from AstraZeneca, Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna or Johnson & Johnson, according to researchers.

Their study also included 735,870 unvaccinated individuals who had tested positive for the coronavirus, as well as older data on an additional 14.3 million people from the general population for a baseline estimate of rates of the neurological conditions before the pandemic. Researchers looked for four neurological disorders involving the immune system.

Three of them — Bell’s palsy (facial weakness), encephalomyelitis (inflammation of the brain and spinal cord), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (a nerve condition) — were no more common in the vaccine recipients than in the general population, the researchers reported on Wednesday (March 16) in The BMJ.

The fourth — transverse myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord) — occurred too rarely for analysis (fewer than five cases in 8.3 million vaccinated people). The researchers did see increased rates of Bell’s palsy, encephalomyelitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome in Covid-19 survivors, however.

More research is needed to look for longer term adverse events of vaccination and Sars-CoV-2 infection and to study the effects of vaccines on different age groups, the researchers said. But it appears that Covid-19 vaccines are “a highly unlikely reason” for most neurological problems, they concluded.

Risk of depression, anxiety tied to Covid-19 severity

People who have been bedridden for seven days or more with Covid-19 are at increased risk of anxiety and depression, an international study found.

Researchers analysed data from Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and the UK collected between March 2020 and Aug 2021 on more than 247,000 people, including 9,979 who were diagnosed with Covid-19. Those who had Covid and were bedridden for at least a week had a 61 per cent higher risk for symptoms of depression and a 43 per cent higher risk for anxiety, for up to 16 months after their diagnosis compared to those who were never infected.

By contrast, patients who had Covid-19 but were never bedridden actually had significantly lower rates of depression than people who had never contracted the virus, researchers found.

“This group may experience a relief after recovery from the relatively benign infection and are able to return to somewhat normal lives as compared to those not yet diagnosed with Covid-19, perhaps still fearing infection and therefore still limiting social contact,” said Dr. Anna Valdimarsdottir of the University of Iceland, whose team reported the findings in The Lancet Public Health.

The results should alert clinicians to the possibility of long-term mental health symptoms in their patients who suffered severe acute illness from the virus, she added.

Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine safe after heart inflammation

People who have had an inflamed heart muscle in the past can safety receive the Covid-19 mRNA vaccine from Pfizer and BioNTech without causing the problem to recur, a small study suggests.

The inflammatory condition, called myocarditis, is a common complication of Covid and other viral infections and has been a rare side effect associated with some Covid-19 vaccines, primarily in young males.

But among 55 patients who had recovered from myocarditis within the past five years and who later received a Covid-19 mRNA vaccine, no one suffered a repeat episode of myocarditis, researchers reported on Friday at the European heart meeting ESC Acute CardioVascular Care 2022.

Of the 55 subjects, 43 had received both doses of the vaccine and 12 just the first dose. Nearly all had received the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, so the findings may not apply to other shots, the researchers said.

Still, the results “provide reassuring data that may encourage patients with a history of myocarditis to get vaccinated against Sars-CoV-2,” study author Dr. Iyad Abou Saleh of Hospices Civils de Lyon, France, said in a statement.